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Chapter 9 : Semantics

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                                -The study of words, phrases, and sentences' meanings is known as semantics. Semantic analysis always makes an effort to concentrate on the meaning that words typically convey rather than what a specific speaker may believe or wish the words to convey at a given time. Meaning           Semantics is the study of meaning in language, focusing on different aspects of meaning. The two primary types of meaning are referential meaning and associative meaning. Referential Meaning           Referential meaning refers to the widely accepted, objective, or factual meaning of words, rather than their subjective or personal meaning. Associative Meaning (Emotive Meaning)           Associative meaning, also known as emotive meaning, encompasses the feelings or reactions that words evoke ...

Chapter 7 : The Grammar

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          English , like other languages, has a set of guidelines , or rules, for how words come together to build a meaning. These guidelines, aka grammar, describe how to construct correct phrases and sentences (grammatical sequences) and avoid nonsensical combinations (ungrammatical sequences). By understanding grammar, we ensure everyone using English can communicate clearly. 2 Traditional Grammar English grammar uses specific words like "article," "adjective," and "noun" to sort and categorize other words. These words actually come from how people figured out old languages like Latin. They just used the same labels for English The Parts of Speech Definition :  Nouns: a word such as boy, bicycle, or freedom used to describe a person, thing, or idea. We begin proper nouns with a capital letter (Cathy, Latin, Rome)  Article : a word such as a, an or the used with a noun Adjective : a word such as happy or strange used with a noun to provid...